Brazilian Journal of Dentistry and Oral Radiology. 2022, 1, 1, bjd9. www.bjdentistry.com.br
Case Report
Radiographic Analysis and Surgical Management of Osteoma in the
Mandibular Angle Region: Case Report
Luiza Clertiani Vieira Alves
1, *
, Paulo Henrique Rodrigues Carvalho
2
1
Master's student in Dentistry Graduate Program (PPGO/UFC), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
2
Dentist specialized in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
* Correspondence: clertiani@gmail.com.
Abstract: This article presents a case study of mandibular osteoma, highlighting its rarity, diagnostic chal-
lenges, and the efficacy of surgical excision as treatment. The relevance of considering osteomas in the dif-
ferential diagnosis of asymptomatic mandibular masses is discussed, addressing the challenges encountered in
differentiating them from other bone pathologies. The discussion emphasizes the importance of clinical his-
tory in identifying potential etiologies, especially in cases of trauma. Treatment, centered on surgical excision,
is emphasized for its effectiveness, low recurrence rate, and absence of malignant transformation, contributing
to a positive prognosis. This case underscores the need for a meticulous approach in the diagnosis and man-
agement of mandibular osteomas, aiming to optimize clinical outcomes.
Keywords: Mandibular Osteoma; Radiographic diagnosis; Surgical Excision.
1. Introduction
Mandibular osteomas, despite being rare benign bone lesions, require significant
clinical and surgical attention due to their potential interference with speech, chewing,
and individual aesthetics. They are generally asymptomatic and characterized by a pattern
of slow and continuous growth. Traumas and infections are suggested as triggering factors
for excessive bone activity. The actual prevalence of osteomas is unknown, and there
appears to be no sexual predilection, with mandibular osteomas being a rare entity [1].
The etiology of osteomas has been the subject of various theories. Currently, the reactive
theory is widely accepted, suggesting a combination of trauma and muscular activity as
the initiation mechanism. Minor traumas, often forgotten by patients, can trigger oste-
oma formation due to subperiosteal bleeding or edema, with subsequent muscle traction
causing an osteogenic reaction. This mechanism is supported by the fact that continuous
muscle traction could perpetuate osteoma formation [2].
The differential diagnosis should consider exostoses, osteoblastoma, osteoid oste-
oma, central ossifying fibroma in an advanced stage, or complex odontoma. Osteomas are
usually diagnosed after radiographic and histopathological confirmation and are classified
as "true osteomas". Surgical excision is the treatment of choice and is performed with
adequate safety margins, with lesions rarely showing recurrence and no evidence of ma-
lignant transformation [3]. It is essential to evaluate patients with osteoma for Gardner
syndrome, which presents a triad of colorectal polyposis, skeletal abnormalities, and mul-
tiple impacted or supernumerary teeth. These patients may also experience gastrointesti-
nal symptoms such as rectal bleeding, diarrhea, and abdominal pain [4].
2. Case Report
A 35-year-old female patient presented to the dental office complaining of an
asymptomatic bone growth in the right mandibular angle. Upon physical examination, a